MOST FREQUENTLY DRUG-INDUCED ALLERGIES

Abstract

Allergic drug reactions (drug hypersensivity reactions) account
for approximately 15% of all adverse drug reactions. Most often these reactions are caused by antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, anesthetics, inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme, beta-adrenoblocers, dextrans, gelatin solutions, insulin, heparin, antiretroviral drugs, and iodinated contrast agents. An important role in drug hypersensivity have risk factors such as genetic background, patient age, sex, immunologic status, the dosage of a drug and the mode of administration. Drug allergy may affect various body systems: skin, lungs, live, kidney, heart, etc. In most cases the skin is affected and the most dangerous reactions are Stevens-Johnson syndrom, Lyell‘s syndrom. Drug allergy can also manifest as general body reactions: anaphylactic shock, drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, serum sickness- like reactions.