ABNORMAL HYPERSENSITIVITY TO SUNLIGHT

Abstract

The sun, sunlamps and tanning booths are the source of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Exposure to UV radiation causes early ageing of the skin and skin damage that can lead to skin cancer. There is limited data about photoallergic skin lesions, however, sunlight induces a wide variety of dermatoses. UV and visible light waves of a certain length interact with photosensitizing chemicals and molecules initiate hypersensitivity reactions. Photoallergic reactions are clinically similar to phototoxic damage to the skin and it is hard to differentiate between them. Topical or systemic oral medications in combination with sun cause damage to the skin. There are various types of allergens such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetic products, insecticides, disinfectants and food additives. The aim of this article is to review the most common photoallergens, mechanisms of phototoxic and photoallergic reactions, the opportunity of diagnostics.